Supreme Court reviews Trump tariff powers in major test of Presidency

The U.S. Supreme Court is examining whether former president Donald Trump lawfully used emergency powers to impose broad tariffs on countries such as Canada and Mexico. The case focuses on Trump’s reliance on the 1977 International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) to justify the trade penalties under the banner of national security.

Lower courts previously ruled that Trump exceeded the legal limits of his authority, and now the nine Supreme Court justices are set to hear arguments. More than 40 organizations and individuals have submitted supporting briefs to influence the outcome.

Two main groups are challenging the tariffs: private businesses that say the policy harmed their operations, and a coalition of 12 U.S. states led by Oregon. Among the businesses involved are Learning Resources Inc., an educational toy company in Illinois, and V.O.S. Selections, a New York wine importer. The states argue the tariffs were imposed unlawfully and should be overturned.

Legal experts say the decision could have major implications for presidential power, the balance between government branches and future trade policy.